Start for free
Standard questionnaires · questionnaire

Sample پرسشنامه تجربه مثبت و منفی دینر (SPANE)

مقیاس تجربه‌ی مثبت و منفی دینر و همکاران (۲۰۱۰) با ۱۲ احساس درباره‌ی چهار هفته‌ی گذشته؛ نمره‌ی احساس‌های مثبت و منفی (۶ تا ۳۰) و تعادل عاطفی (منفی ۲۴ تا ۲۴) خودکار حساب می‌شود و در خروجی اکسل و SPSS ستون جدا دارد.

12 questions · Free up to 50 responses a month

Build a form from this templateDownload WordDownload PDFAll templates

Print-ready Word and PDF files — free, no sign-up.

About this template

“پرسشنامه تجربه مثبت و منفی دینر (SPANE)” has 12 questions; every question is required. Question types: Single choice (12). 60 ready-made options across 12 choice questions, all editable in the online version.

Related:Standard questionnairesBuild an online questionnaireCronbach's alpha calculatorSample size calculation

Questions in this template

  1. 1.

    مثبت *

    (Single choice)
    • ۱ — خیلی به‌ندرت یا هرگز
    • ۲ — به‌ندرت
    • ۳ — گاهی
    • ۴ — اغلب
    • ۵ — خیلی اغلب یا همیشه
  2. 2.

    منفی *

    (Single choice)
    • ۱ — خیلی به‌ندرت یا هرگز
    • ۲ — به‌ندرت
    • ۳ — گاهی
    • ۴ — اغلب
    • ۵ — خیلی اغلب یا همیشه
  3. 3.

    خوب *

    (Single choice)
    • ۱ — خیلی به‌ندرت یا هرگز
    • ۲ — به‌ندرت
    • ۳ — گاهی
    • ۴ — اغلب
    • ۵ — خیلی اغلب یا همیشه
  4. 4.

    بد *

    (Single choice)
    • ۱ — خیلی به‌ندرت یا هرگز
    • ۲ — به‌ندرت
    • ۳ — گاهی
    • ۴ — اغلب
    • ۵ — خیلی اغلب یا همیشه
  5. 5.

    خوشایند *

    (Single choice)
    • ۱ — خیلی به‌ندرت یا هرگز
    • ۲ — به‌ندرت
    • ۳ — گاهی
    • ۴ — اغلب
    • ۵ — خیلی اغلب یا همیشه
  6. 6.

    ناخوشایند *

    (Single choice)
    • ۱ — خیلی به‌ندرت یا هرگز
    • ۲ — به‌ندرت
    • ۳ — گاهی
    • ۴ — اغلب
    • ۵ — خیلی اغلب یا همیشه
  7. 7.

    شاد *

    (Single choice)
    • ۱ — خیلی به‌ندرت یا هرگز
    • ۲ — به‌ندرت
    • ۳ — گاهی
    • ۴ — اغلب
    • ۵ — خیلی اغلب یا همیشه
  8. 8.

    غمگین *

    (Single choice)
    • ۱ — خیلی به‌ندرت یا هرگز
    • ۲ — به‌ندرت
    • ۳ — گاهی
    • ۴ — اغلب
    • ۵ — خیلی اغلب یا همیشه
  9. 9.

    ترسیده *

    (Single choice)
    • ۱ — خیلی به‌ندرت یا هرگز
    • ۲ — به‌ندرت
    • ۳ — گاهی
    • ۴ — اغلب
    • ۵ — خیلی اغلب یا همیشه
  10. 10.

    شادمان و سرخوش *

    (Single choice)
    • ۱ — خیلی به‌ندرت یا هرگز
    • ۲ — به‌ندرت
    • ۳ — گاهی
    • ۴ — اغلب
    • ۵ — خیلی اغلب یا همیشه
  11. 11.

    خشمگین *

    (Single choice)
    • ۱ — خیلی به‌ندرت یا هرگز
    • ۲ — به‌ندرت
    • ۳ — گاهی
    • ۴ — اغلب
    • ۵ — خیلی اغلب یا همیشه
  12. 12.

    خرسند و راضی *

    (Single choice)
    • ۱ — خیلی به‌ندرت یا هرگز
    • ۲ — به‌ندرت
    • ۳ — گاهی
    • ۴ — اغلب
    • ۵ — خیلی اغلب یا همیشه

What does the SPANE measure?

How much a person experienced positive and negative feelings over the past four weeks: six positive and six negative feelings. Each side has three general and three specific feelings. Positive and negative feelings are scored separately, and affect balance is their difference.

Number of items
12
Time to complete
About 1 minute
Score range
Positive and negative 6 to 30 each; balance −24 to 24
Reversed items
None
Response scale
Five options from 1 (very rarely or never) to 5 (very often or always)
Authors
Ed Diener and colleagues, 2010

Scoring the SPANE

  1. Each feeling scores the number of the chosen option (1 to 5).
  2. Positive feelings (SPANE-P): positive, good, pleasant, happy, joyful and contented — items 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 12; sum 6 to 30.
  3. Negative feelings (SPANE-N): negative, bad, unpleasant, sad, afraid and angry — items 2, 4, 6, 8, 9 and 11; sum 6 to 30.
  4. Affect balance (SPANE-B) = positive minus negative, from −24 to 24. There are no reversed items; the negative feelings are summed separately and subtracted.
  5. This template calculates all three scores automatically, each in its own Excel and SPSS column.

Interpreting SPANE scores

ScoreLevelSuggested action
SPANE-P: 6–30Higher = more positive feelingsNo cut-off
SPANE-N: 6–30Higher = more negative feelingsNo cut-off
SPANE-B: −24 to 24Positive = positive feelings prevail; negative = negative feelings prevail24 is the highest possible affect balance

The authors set no cut-offs for the SPANE; analyse the scores as continuous. In their words, a respondent with a balance score of 24 rarely or never experiences any of the negative feelings and very often or always has all of the positive feelings.

SPANE validity and reliability

  • Diener et al. (2010) examined the Flourishing Scale and the SPANE with 689 college students at six locations and reported good psychometric properties and convergence with other well-being measures.
  • The original sample consisted of students only, and the authors have published no population norms or cut-offs.

Using the SPANE in your thesis with Porsino

  1. Sign up for free and click "Build a form from this template"; the items, options and every option's score (reversed items included) are ready.
  2. If you need demographic questions (age, gender, education), add them on a separate page; keep the item wording and order unchanged so the scoring stays valid.
  3. Publish the form and send its short link or QR code to your research sample; respondents fill it in without signing up and see their score and its interpretation at the end.
  4. Each respondent's total score and level are saved automatically in separate columns; export to Excel or SPSS from the responses page and go straight to analysis.
Build a form from this templateAll standard questionnaires

Source and translation

Original instrument: Ed Diener and colleagues, 2010

  • Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D.-w., Oishi, S., & Biswas-Diener, R. (2010). New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicators Research, 97(2), 143–156.
  • Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Biswas-Diener, R., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D.-w., & Oishi, S. (2009). New measures of well-being. In E. Diener (Ed.), Assessing well-being (pp. 247–266). Springer.

The scale is copyrighted by Diener and his co-authors, who state that all professionals (researchers and practitioners) are free to use it without permission or charge as long as the authors are credited; requests for permission are not answered individually because permission is granted on their site.

Translated by Porsino; for formal research, cite a validated (normed) Persian version.

Frequently asked questions about the SPANE

How many items does the SPANE have?

Twelve feelings — six positive and six negative — on a 5-point scale about the past four weeks.

How is the SPANE-B affect balance calculated?

The negative-feelings sum is subtracted from the positive-feelings sum, giving a score between −24 and 24. This template calculates all three scores automatically.

Does the SPANE have reversed items?

No. The six negative feelings are summed separately and subtracted from the positive sum in the balance score; no item is reversed.

Printable or online?

Printable version (Word & PDF)

  • For filling in on paper, signing and filing by hand
  • Edit the Word file any way you like
  • Collecting and typing up the answers is up to you
Download WordDownload PDF

Online version on Porsino

  • Answers are collected and organised automatically — no retyping
  • National ID, mobile number and dates are validated instantly
  • Ready-made reports and charts, plus Excel export in one click
  • Share a link or QR code — it works on mobile too
Build the online version for free

How do I use this template?

  1. Sign up for Porsino for free; no bank card needed.
  2. In the panel, open “Templates” and choose “پرسشنامه تجربه مثبت و منفی دینر (SPANE)”.
  3. Change the questions as you like, publish the form and send the link.

Other standard questionnaires

All standard questionnaires